Etiology
A foot consists of three sections – the tarsal bones, metatarsals and phalanges. Foot overload with simultaneous muscular inefficiency can lead to the disorder of the proper functioning of its dynamic parts and cause anatomical changes.
The weakening of the muscles responsible for foot arch causes overloading of the ligamentous-capsular system. Secondarily, this leads to a reduction in the arches of the foot (the so-called longitudinal arch of the foot).
In the course of subsequent changes deforming the foot, the calcaneus can set itself up crookedly. This results in a displacement of the talus and navicular downwards and the inside part of the foot, which leads to the abduction of the forefoot (the so-called longitudinal flat foot with calcaneal valgus).
Long-term disturbances of this nature can cause changes in the form of distortion of bones, marginal excrescences and pain in the foot and knee joint area.